Zhu Hong

Yunqi Zhuhong (Chinese: 雲棲袾宏; pinyin: Yúnqī Zhūhóng; Wade–Giles: Chu Hung; 1535–1615), also named Zhuhong, was a Chinese Buddhist leader during the Ming Dynasty. He was known as the “Master of Yunqi”, after a monastery restored in his honor. He was born in Hangzhou into a family with the surname Shen. Zhuhong was reportedly an excellent student, although he never succeeded along the path of officialdom. His first connection to Buddhism was that of the Pure Land variety. After failure in the official examinations he became a monk at thirty-one despite the existence of his second wife, who later became a nun. Zhuhong died at the age of eighty-one. Zhuhong is remembered for his persistent opposition to Roman Catholicism, and for his analysis of the Pure Land tradition of Buddhism. Zhuhong's anti-Catholic writings are a direct rebuttal to the Jesuit Matteo Ricci (利瑪竇). Along with Yuan Hongda...